Abstract
This chapter presents an in-depth discussion on calcium-based ceramic biomaterials, a family which includes several notable subgroups such as calcium phosphates, calcium silicates, and calcium sulfates. The chapter begins by presenting a brief history in the introduction of each of these subgroups after which it individually investigates different materials classified under the above subgroups, such as amorphous calcium phosphates, tricalcium phosphates, hydroxyapatites, and bioactive glasses. Providing a thorough discussion of the structural properties of different calcium-based ceramic biomaterials, the chapter also discusses how different factors such as their chemical composition and external modifications such as ionic substitutions have an implication on the physical, structural, chemical, and biological properties of the abovementioned materials, thereby opening them up to a diverse range of biomedical applications. A comprehensive list of several commercially successful products based on the calcium-based ceramic biomaterials available in the market today is also presented.