Abstract
In the pharmaceutical industry, organic-based small molecules have been the most widely used therapeutics, but peptides are increasingly becoming an important class of therapeutic agent for biopharmaceutical applications. This trend is enhanced by research advances that have provided cutting-edge techniques and strategies to overcome challenges often encountered with the use of peptides. By their nature, peptide pharmaceutics are plagued with high cost of production, poor solubility, and difficulty in administration. However, the use of techniques such as peptide engineering, peptide conjugation, and formulation strategies to improve parenteral delivery are paving the way for an increased use of peptides as biologics. With these drivers, peptides are anticipated to occupy an increased share of use in the treatment of health conditions, as well as in performance on the therapeutics market. This chapter gives an overview of the drivers, restrains, and advances in the application of peptides as biopharmaceutical agents.