Abstract
To maximize the potential for clinical success of regenerative endodontic treatments, an in‐depth understanding of the biology of the dentine‐pulp complex and its innate defence and healing capabilities are required. Furthermore, thorough diagnostic information is also required to ensure the most appropriate vital pulp treatment approach is utilized. It is well known that the dentine‐pulp complex is able to mount a complex and robust inflammatory and immunological response. The resolution of this, potentially following clinical intervention which manages the infection and remaining vital tissue, will then enable optimal tissue outcomes. Assessment of the disease state and the regenerative capacity of the dental pulp can be challenging. The development of novel biologically‐based diagnostics which utilize appropriate biomarkers will guide the practitioner and enable evidence‐based clinical decisions for the application of the most appropriate treatment regimes.