Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used non-invasive technique to measure multi-channel potentials that reflect the electrical activity of the brain. Over the last few decades, EEG analysis has been an intensively explored research topic due to its potentials in being applied to the diagnosis of neurological diseases, such as epilepsy, brain tumors, head injury, sleep disorders, and dementia [19]. Despite many advances made in recent years, EEG signal analysis remains a challenging task. In addition to being non-stationary, EEG signals often have high noise-to-information ratios, and they can be significantly affected by various artifacts, demonstrating characteristics that differ from signals generated by activities in the brain [21]. Common artifacts include eye movements, jaw tension, and muscle contractions. To make effective signal analysis even more challenging, EEG signals are highly individual-specific, and cross-subject pattern identification can be elusive.