Abstract
In the quest for a perfect ‘seal’ of the root canal system, many different root filling materials and techniques have being investigated. However, the ideal ones are yet to be found. In part, this is because no single material or technique can cater for the varied morphology of the root canal space. Hence, in everyday clinical endodontic practice, there will always be a need for a selection of different root canal filling materials and techniques.
Whilst the search for the ideal root filling material is continuing, there is also a focus on improving the deficiencies of those currently available; at the same time, newer placement techniques are being designed to facilitate ease of use and provide time and cost savings. The majority of developments are directed at alternatives to gutta‐percha, which remains a popular material. Now available in sizes corresponding to the taper of modern root canal preparations, including engine‐driven instruments, single‐cone gutta‐percha root fillings are enjoying a resurgence and are no longer considered unacceptable.
Newer root canal sealers, including those based on hydraulic calcium silicates, have been introduced. The pursuit of the ‘monoblock’ concept has led to attention being focussed on materials and methods that will allow the creation of a continuum between the root filling and the tooth; to date, however,this remains a dream rather than an achievable reality.