Abstract
In New Zealand, a longitudinal investigation of smoking from age 9 to age 18 has been conducted as part of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study. Many issues related to adolescent smoking are addressed by findings from the Study, including levels of change in smoking during adolescence, vulnerability versus resilience to smoking, the influence of parents and friends smoking, intentions versus smoking behaviour and consistency of recall for smoking. Recent assessments of the sample have also provided information about nicotine dependence among adolescents and efforts to quit.