Abstract
This thesis examines the issues that arise from situations where a survivor of sexual abuse is in the same congregation as the perpetrator within the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia. The overall research question is: how are such incidents responded to by the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia, and how might the church’s response be done well? A trauma informed and Gestalt theoretical lens is utilised. I propose that an individual’s whole body, mind and spirit, their relationships, and connection with God, are affected by sexual trauma. When a survivor and perpetrator attend the same congregation, the disturbance extends to other church members.
A broad overview of trauma, a brief recent history of the church’s dealing with the issue, is given. Selected legal (secular and church law) and police issues are addressed. Several accounts of sexual abuse in the church, found in the literature, are examined and themes arising from them identified. The story of Elijah in 1 Kings 18-19 is reflected upon, and demonstrates trauma reactions that are applicable to sexual abuse trauma. Other relevant scriptural passages are considered.
Eleven participants: five Anglican clergy and six professional practitioners in the field of sexual abuse were asked four questions about their awareness of survivor and perpetrator attending the same congregation, and their experience of its handling. They were asked for suggestions for an effective response and support for all concerned. A grounded phenomenological approach was taken in this qualitative research. The interviews were analysed for themes, and Gestalt theory, context, scripture, and theology are referenced. The situations described by participants included the effect on the survivor, clergy and the congregation. Participants outlined several issues relating to the survivor’s trauma and the imperative for safety. The effects of theology, the impact of secular and church law, the expectations on the survivor, the need for formal processes and guidelines, the use of external help and advice, the relevance of cultural differences, and the effect of sexual wrongdoing on all church members are discussed.