Marae Moana - review of the effectiveness of an Indigenous framework to preserve, conserve and sustain the Cook Islands’ Marine environment

This thesis examines the integration of Cook Islands' Māori Knowledge within the Cook Islands' ocean policy approach, with a focus on the Marae Moana framework. It investigates the historical, cultural, economic, and policy factors that have shaped the inclusion of Māori values in marine spatial planning. The study evaluates the framework's effectiveness in meeting its objectives since its implementation in 2017 and considers its adequacy for addressing current and future challenges. By analysing the role of kite mārama in governance and resource management, this thesis explores how Indigenous knowledge systems enhance sustainability, promote community stewardship, and complement Western conservation methods. The research is guided by the tivaevae and futures frameworks, which together provide a culturally grounded and forward looking lens through which to address the critical challenges of marine governance. The findings aim to provide actionable insights for improving the balance between conservation and development for Cook Islands' marine governance.