Abstract
Background:
Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) represents a significant yet under-recognised public health challenge in New Zealand. Despite recent advancements, knowledge gaps persist among healthcare and allied health professionals (HCPs/AHCPs) regarding FASD identification, management, and culturally responsive care, particularly for Māori communities. This study explores what HCPs/AHCPs need to know about FASD and how they can support those living with FASD to lead good lives.
Methods:
Reflexive thematic analysis (RTA) was conducted on secondary data obtained from fourteen qualitative interviews with HCPs/AHCPs working across various clinical settings in New Zealand. RTA was used to identify key patterns of meaning, focusing on knowledge gaps, best practice strategies, systemic barriers, and culturally informed approaches to care.
Results:
Five major themes were identified: defining best practice, public health measures, systems-level changes, ensuring well-being, and the integration of Te Ao Māori. Participants highlighted the need for enhanced professional education, multidisciplinary collaboration, culturally competent care, and greater government commitment to FASD prevention and support. The 2024 New Zealand FASD Diagnostic Guidelines were recognised as a positive step, albeit requiring robust implementation efforts.
Conclusion and Implications:
HCPs/AHCPs are well-placed to drive improvements in FASD care through increased awareness, education, advocacy, and culturally safe practice. Addressing current gaps through targeted training and systemic reform is critical to supporting individuals with FASD and their whānau. This study informs future educational initiatives, policy development, and the broader movement towards effective FASD care in Aotearoa New Zealand.