Abstract
Introduction: There are too few treatment options available for women suffering from mental health issues during the perinatal period. Poor mental health can negatively affect the health and well-being of women, babies, and their families over their lifespan, if not recognised and treated. Non-specialist providers may fill the treatment gap identified and psychosocial interventions can effect positive change.
Aim: The purpose of this review was to assess the effectiveness of evidence-based psychosocial interventions delivered by non-specialists to reduce depression for perinatal women.
Methods: An integrative review methodology was chosen as it allowed the combination of diverse methodologies to fully understand a phenomenon. The following electronic databases were searched: Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. To eliminate publication bias, unpublished or grey literature were explored, and included studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute 2014 critical appraisal tools. Data were retrieved and synthesised using Braun and Clarke's (2006) six steps of thematic analysis, through which four themes and eleven subthemes were identified.
Findings: Four themes that signified intervention effectiveness were identified. Theme one explored treatment enablers what assisted women in accessing their treatment. The second theme covered the diversity of delivery methods such as online, face-to-face, and group interventions. Theme three explored frameworks for practise, finding cognitive behaviour therapy effective and adaptable to best suit the situation. The fourth theme looked at the effects of ongoing support in positive and long-term recovery. Within each theme, eleven sub-themes emerged.
Conclusion: The study found that evidence-based psychosocial interventions delivered by non-specialists to reduce depression for perinatal women were effective but under-resourced and difficult to implement in healthcare systems. Further research is needed to inform delivery and scale-up these interventions.