Abstract
Objective: Although the definition of a gout flare is well established, the state of gout flare resolution has not yet been defined. This study aimed to explore patients' experiences and perceptions of gout flare resolution.
Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 24 people with gout, guided by open-ended questions exploring their experiences of gout flare resolution. To facilitate discussion, participants were shown graphs depicting changes in pain intensity during a hypothetical flare. Prompts relating to key flare features, including pain, swelling, warmth, and medication use, were used as appropriate. Data were analyzed using a descriptive approach to thematic analysis to prioritize participants' voices and experiences.
Results: Four themes, closely tied to an overarching concept of a return to normality, were generated: (1) return to personal baseline pain-in which most participants required a pain score of 0 out of 10, whereas the remaining considered resolution to occur at low to moderate pain levels; (2) return of function; (3) restoration of emotional well-being; and (4) disappearance of joint swelling, warmth, and redness.
Conclusion: Flare resolution is experienced as a return to normality, encompassing relief from pain, return of mobility, restored well-being, and the disappearance of other inflammatory features, such as swelling, warmth, and redness. Incorporating these insights into the development of a patient-centered definition for flare resolution may support more meaningful, patient-centered approaches to measuring and managing gout flares.