Abstract
By 2050, nearly two-thirds of the world's population will reside in cities, many of which currently lack the infrastructure to support diverse recreational needs. Yet cities possess untapped potential to foster inclusive and engaging public spaces through the integration of ludic elements. Rooted in the Latin word ‘Ludus’, meaning playfulness, the concept ludic encompasses a wide range of playful recreational and interactive experiences. However, how the ludic potential can inform urban design has been significantly underexplored. By conducting a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature across Geography and related disciplines, this study addresses the identified gap. Through descriptive and thematic analyses, the review identifies key characteristics of ludic activities, examines their impacts on urban actors, and outlines strategies to integrate ludic activities in urban design. Building on these insights, the paper introduces a novel ‘ludic continuum’ framework that categorises ludic activities, offering a valuable tool for envisioning and designing more vibrant, inclusive and playful urban public spaces for all ages.
• Addressing the Urbanization Challenge: This article highlights the pressing need for urban spaces that cater to recreational needs. With projections indicating that two third of the world's population will reside in cities by 2050, the study emphasizes the significance of urban planning and design in creating interactive and fun urban environments in the cities for the inhabitants.
• Exploring Ludic Urbanism: The article fills certain research gap by scrutinizing the concept of play in urbanism under the term "ludic urbanism." It examines how ludic qualities, derived from the Latin term 'ludus' for playfulness, can be incorporated into urban spaces. By conducting a systematic literature review, the study identifies current trends, core themes, and research gaps in ludic urbanism.
• Beyond Ludic, Play and Games: The article connects the links between ludic, play, and games, offering a clear distinction between these terms.•Guiding Urban Planning and Design: This study has practical implications for urban planning and design professionals. By introducing ludic elements into everyday urban settings, cities can transform mundane spaces into interactive and enjoyable environments. This article finds out the stimuli that prompts ludic activities.
• Tackling Research Bias: The article recognizes and addresses the bias and lack of a universally accepted definition in the discourse on ludic activities in urban environment and cities. It also points the global north and south biasness of study and gap of age and gender role in urban settings.