Abstract
Dental materials are specially fabricated materials designed for use in dentistry. A variety of materials may be used, including cements, impression, lining, and dental restorative materials. Some of these dental materials provide temporary dressings while others are more permanent and are in contact with host tissue for prolonged periods of time. Consequently, newly developed dental materials not only require mechanical, chemical, and physical testing but also require in vitro analysis to ensure their safety and biocompatibility. The current chapter provides background on dental material characterization and a protocol for its in vitro biological testing.