Abstract
AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), grown in serum-free conditions, to regenerate bone around titanium discs with different titanium surfaces.
Material and methodsOvine ADSC (oADSC) were isolated from seven sheep and cultured using serum-free and osteogenic conditions. Prior to invivo testing, the growth and osteogenic behaviour of these cells were analysed invitro using cell proliferation and extracellular matrix mineralisation assays. The bone regenerative capacity of autologous oADSC was evaluated invivo on titanium discs in a sheep femur epicondyle model. Machined (MTi) and alumina-blasted (ABTi) titanium discs were used. Bone regeneration within the defects was evaluated after 1month using histology and histomorphometry. PKH26 cell-tracking dye was used to verify the persistence of oADSC in the surgical wound.
ResultsoADSC sourced from five of seven sheep differentiated into osteoblast-like cells. Cellular proliferation was reduced only for osteogenically induced oADSC (oOS-ADSC) grown on ABTi, compared to non-induced oADSC grown on ABTi and tissue culture polystyrene (P=0.03 and 0.02 respectively). There was no significant difference for invitro mineralisation assays comparing oADSC with oOS-ADSC, regardless of implant surface type. oADSC labelled with PKH26 were detected 1month after surgery within the defect. There was no difference in bone regeneration between the bone defects treated with oADSC vs. just blood clot.
ConclusionAfter 1-month healing, the use of autologous oADSC did not improve bone regeneration in defects containing titanium devices with different surfaces.