Abstract
Given the relatively immature state of the neonatal gut and gut-associated immune system, the safety of probiotic strains for use as ingredients in infant milk formulae must be demonstrated in infant populations. As part of a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of two commercially available probiotic strains in the reduction of risk for infant eczema, a number of safety outcomes were measured. Infants received daily doses of Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 (6 x 10(9) cfu day(-1)) or Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 (9 x 10(9) cfu day(-1)), or placebo from birth to 24 months. Mothers received the same treatment from 35 weeks gestation, for up to 6 months postnatally while breastfeeding. No statistically significant differences were observed between the treatment groups for study withdrawal, incidence of adverse events, morphometric data, wheeze, and antibiotic use over the treatment period. We conclude that probiotics strains HN001 and HN019 were safe and well tolerated in infants, and did not affect normal growth. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.