Abstract
Over the past two decades, there have been several UN initiatives focusing on the rights and wellbeing of Indigenous peoples, culminating in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in 2007. Article 24 of this Declaration states that “Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right.” Despite this, and numerous reports calling for improved systems and data relating to Indigenous peoples, few countries accurately measure population-level health statistics.