Abstract
The empirical convergence literature reports many different estimates of β-convergence. Narrative reviews of the convergence literature suggest possible reasons for the variation in β across studies, but such reviews are selective and informal. In contrast, meta-regression analysis provides a formal and objective review of the literature. It is shown that study design and methodology are important determinants of the reported convergence rate, especially in cross-national studies. There is also evidence of general misspecification in the literature.