Discussion Paperhttp://hdl.handle.net/10523/4302024-03-18T18:46:26Z2024-03-18T18:46:26ZHarnessing the power of LLMs for normative reasoning in MASsSavarimuthu, Bastin Tony RoyRanathunga, SurangikaCranefield, Stephenhttp://hdl.handle.net/10523/165842024-03-18T14:40:55Z2024-02-19T02:40:23ZHarnessing the power of LLMs for normative reasoning in MASs
2024
Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy; Ranathunga, Surangika; Cranefield, Stephen
2024-02-19T02:40:23ZPathways between research, policy and practiceMann, J.Cockram, J.Glen, J.Stayner, C.http://hdl.handle.net/10523/164902024-03-08T14:18:45Z2024-01-09T04:00:31ZPathways between research, policy and practice
2022
Mann, J.; Cockram, J.; Glen, J.; Stayner, C.
There was widespread consensus at the Pathways between research, policy and practice workshop that Aotearoa New Zealand needs more transparent and system-embedded processes in order to develop evidence-based health policy and healthcare delivery.
It was felt that these should involve Ministers, policy analysts, communities, health providers and researchers in cyclical processes of considering community needs, establishing health priorities, identifying evidence gaps, commissioning research, translating evidence into policy and practice, and evaluating progress. To be effective, these structures must have the ability to make both proactive and reactive recommendations that are considered by policymakers and resourced appropriately.
Six key elements were identified by workshop attendees as crucial for establishing effective, equitable and enduring pathways between research, policy and practice. These elements address the need for improved data infrastructure, with reliable and accessible sources of information being key to this process. Clear mechanisms for prioritising evidence, evaluating economic benefit and funding implementation are required. Communication between all the groups with expertise to contribute to this process, including those with lived experience, needs to be established and maintained through inclusive networks.
In addition, underpinning these elements five guiding principles were identified, which place a central focus on: whiwhika ōrite (equity); whakawhanaukataka (the process of establishing relationships) manaakitaka (respect, generosity and care for others); taunakitaka (evidence); and pūataata (transparency).
The overarching and guiding principle is honouring and enacting Treaty of Waitangi commitments, which is an essential requirement for an equitable health system in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Workshop participants felt that implementing these elements, guided by the principles, will help build the necessary processes and foster the collaboration required to ensure that the best research is utilised to its fullest potential for the health of Aotearoa New Zealand.
2024-01-09T04:00:31ZProtecting And Promoting Mental Wellbeing: Beyond Covid-19Poulton, R.Gluckman, P.Menzie, R.Bardsley, A.McIntosh, T.Faleafa, M.http://hdl.handle.net/10523/160242023-09-15T14:02:07Z2023-09-04T01:25:43ZProtecting And Promoting Mental Wellbeing: Beyond Covid-19
2020
Poulton, R.; Gluckman, P.; Menzie, R.; Bardsley, A.; McIntosh, T.; Faleafa, M.
2023-09-04T01:25:43ZA Curriculum and Quality Framework for Interprofessional Education at Otago: Strategic Plan 2020-2024: Full ReportPullon, SueSymes, Ashleyhttp://hdl.handle.net/10523/151822023-04-18T14:02:06Z2023-04-18T02:26:42ZA Curriculum and Quality Framework for Interprofessional Education at Otago: Strategic Plan 2020-2024: Full Report
2019-11-01
Pullon, Sue; Symes, Ashley
This report serves as a basis for consulting with stakeholders as to a plan and approach to assure quality in interprofessional education at the University of Otago (in Aotearoa New Zealand). Overall conclusions are: IPE is increasingly being integrated into health professional curricula around the world; Otago is making steady progress in implementing IPE in health professional degree programme curricula; assuring quality in IPE learning and teaching is essential and needs to be done without incurring unintended consequences; and timing is apt for giving concerted attention to a quality framework for IPE in this institution. The report sets out proposals for, among others, an IPE quality framework, IPE curriculum design, IPE competency domains and assessment, and programmatic evaluation.
2023-04-18T02:26:42ZGovernment Spending Multipliers: Is there a Difference Between Government Consumption and Investment Purchases?Haug, AlfredSznajderska, Annahttp://hdl.handle.net/10523/151192023-03-21T13:02:08Z2023-03-21T01:26:54ZGovernment Spending Multipliers: Is there a Difference Between Government Consumption and Investment Purchases?
2023-03
Haug, Alfred; Sznajderska, Anna
This paper empirically studies the U.S. multiplier effects of government investment, government consumption and total government purchases on output. We explore dependencies of the multipliers on states of the economy, measured in different ways. Using local projections with instrumental variables, we find that a model without state-dependencies and using total government spending (instead of its components) provides the best fit to post-WWII data. These results are robust to various alternative specifications. We account for the COVID-19 period with a pandemic stringency index and for monetary policy shocks with a shadow interest rate. The government spending multiplier is approximately 0.5.
2023-03-21T01:26:54ZCultural Safety in Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia - why and how for oral health?Satur, JulieCarrington, Samuel Dhttp://hdl.handle.net/10523/150982023-09-03T21:51:58Z2023-03-13T22:15:12ZCultural Safety in Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia - why and how for oral health?
2022-12
Satur, Julie; Carrington, Samuel D
The impact of colonisation, assimilation policies, racism and victim blaming approaches have created inequities and health inequality for Indigenous peoples worldwide, which is reflected in their oral health status. Poor oral health has bi-directional relationships with many other chronic diseases (such as diabetes, heart disease, nutritional deficiencies and mental illness, to name a few) and a significant impact on the ability to eat, sleep, socialise and gain employment; for many Indigenous peoples worldwide, this effect leads to shorter lives and poorer health and poorer quality of life. Indigenous peoples in Australia and New Zealand often experience higher mortality rates and carry the greatest burden of disease in both general and oral health. Oral health is a clear social determinant of health and contributor to equity.
2023-03-13T22:15:12ZBayesian VARs of the U.S. Economy Before and During the PandemicSznajderska, AnnaHaug, Alfredhttp://hdl.handle.net/10523/147722023-02-02T13:02:06Z2023-02-01T22:39:15ZBayesian VARs of the U.S. Economy Before and During the Pandemic
2023-01
Sznajderska, Anna; Haug, Alfred
We compare the forecasting performance of small and large Bayesian vector-autoregressive (BVAR) models for the United States. We do the forecast evaluation of the competing models for the sample that ends before the pandemic and for the sample that contains the pandemic period. The findings document that these models can be used for structural analysis and generate credible impulse response functions. Furthermore, the results indicate that there are only small gains from the application of a large BVAR model compared to a small BVAR model.
2023-02-01T22:39:15ZThe Role of the Monetary Policy Stance for the Government Spending Multiplier in PolandHaug, AlfredŁyziak, TomaszSznajderska, Annahttp://hdl.handle.net/10523/137992022-11-10T13:02:09Z2022-11-10T02:15:41ZThe Role of the Monetary Policy Stance for the Government Spending Multiplier in Poland
2022-11
Haug, Alfred; Łyziak, Tomasz; Sznajderska, Anna
We empirically explore monetary and fiscal policy coordination in Poland. In particular, we study whether the empirical effects of a government spending shock on output depend on the stance of monetary policy. We find no such dependency and conclude after various sensitivity checks that the government spending multiplier is not dependent on monetary policy. Additionally, we find no dependency on the slack in the economy. The cumulative multiplier reaches a peak value of 1.11 one year after a government spending shock: a 1 złoty increase in government spending, be it government consumption purchases or government investment or any combination of both, increases real GDP by 1.11 złoty. We identify a crowding-out effect of private investment, but it is relatively small and the overall impact of the government investment shock on GDP is above unity.
2022-11-10T02:15:41Z