The primary risk factor for the development of cervical cancer is a persistent infection with certain high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types such as 16 and 18. The ability of these viruses to cause such persistent ...

The genome of Mycobacterium smegmatis contains three putative toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems. The vapBC system has been characterized, but the remaining two TA systems, belonging to the mazEF and phd/doc family have not been ...

Virus-like particles (VLP) have been shown to be useful nanoscale platforms in a diverse range of applications including their use as vaccines. They can act as vehicles for the delivery of heterologous antigens to the ...

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is chronic inflammatory arthritis of spine and sacroiliac joints with further peripheral manifestations. AS is a relatively common rheumatic disease affecting 0.1- 1.4% of the population. Early ...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a difficult to treat disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis is able to shut down its metabolism in response to diverse environmental cues and enter a stage of ...

Quorum-sensing is a system where genes are regulated in response to changing cell density by the synthesis, release and detection of a signalling molecule to facilitate the coordination of group behaviour such as in the ...

Streptococcus salivarius are numerically predominant bacteria in the human oral cavity and are generally located on the tongue dorsum. Some strains have been shown to produce megaplasmid-encoded lantibiotics that antagonise ...

p53 is a crucial tumour suppressor, as evidenced by three important observations: p53 is lost or mutated in half of all human cancers, an inheritable p53 mutation predisposes to an early onset of multiple cancer types, and ...