High infiltration of macrophages in colorectal cancer is associated with improved patient prognosis. This association is the opposite of what is observed in other cancers, however, we are yet to understand why. Previous ...

Bacteria are constantly faced by phage predation and various environmental stresses. In response, bacteria have amassed diverse genetic systems enabling their survival in ecological niches. Abortive infection (Abi) systems ...

Serratia sp. ATCC 39006 (Serratia 39006) is a Gram-negative enterobacterium that produces a number of secondary metabolites including the red-pigmented antibiotic prodigiosin (pig). Although the physiological role of pig ...

Horizontally acquired island 2 (HAI2), one of seventeen putative HAIs identified on the chromosome of Pba SCRI1043, encodes an important phytotoxin, coronafacic acid (CFA), that is a major virulence determinant required ...

Bacitracin is a mixture of closely related polypeptide antibiotics and is widely used as a topical antibiotic in humans and extensively for prophylaxis and therapy in food animals. Enterococcus faecalis is a microorganism ...

The immune system has the potential to detect and destroy tumour cells, however naturally occurring anti-tumour immunity is not always capable of controlling tumour growth. Immunotherapy can harness the anti-tumour function ...

Prokaryotes are constantly exposed to mobile genetic elements (MGEs), such as plasmids or bacteriophage (phage). Encounters with MGEs can be beneficial and equip the host with useful traits such as antibiotic resistance ...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an air-borne pathogen that causes more death each year than any other bacterial infection. The current vaccine, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), is considered one of the most widely distributed ...

Members of the genus Mycobacterium respire using two terminal respiratory oxidases: a cytochrome bd-type menaquinol oxidase (encoded by cydABDC) or an aa3-type menaquinol-cytochrome c oxidase. During the transition to ...

Marine bacteria are diverse and highly abundant in the oceans. Under iron-depleted conditions, marine bacteria produce an iron chelator called a siderophore to scavenge for iron. Very little is known about siderophore ...