Browsing Biochemistry collection by Date Published
Now showing items 1-20 of 200
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The role of PsbX and PsbY in Photosystem II of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Photosystem II (PS II) is the water-plastoquinone oxido-reductase responsible for splitting water in photosynthesis. The core of the enzyme is surrounded by 13 low-molecular-weight (LMW) proteins (<10 kDa). In this study, ... -
Biochemistry of Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 Regulation and Hydrogen Peroxide Signalling
All cells within an organism must respond to their environment. Responses are regulated by intracellular signalling pathways and signalling molecules. One such molecule is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). H2O2 is required in many ... -
RNF125 activated ubiquitin transfer by Ube2K
The covalent attachment of ubiquitin to substrate proteins (ubiquitylation) is a post-translational modification involved in numerous cell signalling pathways, most notably the process of protein degradation. Ubiquitylation ... -
Flowering time control in legumes: investigation of the photoperiod pathway
Understanding how plants integrate environmental and endogenous cues to ensure flowering occurs at a time of highest reproductive success is of significant interest. Flowering time is a key trait in agriculture as flowering ... -
Biophysical characterisation of the bacterial chemosensory protein, PscF
In bacteria, movement in response to a chemical stimulus is known as chemotaxis. Chemotaxis is controlled by a class of ligand binding proteins called chemoreceptors and works to bias cell movement towards environments ... -
The role of molecular genetic variation and population structure in the genetic improvement of the honeybee, Apis mellifera
Animal breeding has evolved into a highly sophisticated field, making substantial changes to numerous livestock species worldwide. Such changes are largely absent in the Western Honeybee, Apis mellifera. Direct transfer ... -
The Epigenetics of Colorectal Cancer
Aberrant DNA methylation patterns are a universal feature of cancer, yet we understand relatively little of the cause and consequence of DNA methylation in the cancer process. Colorectal cancer (CRC) morbidity and mortality ... -
The Establishment and Characterisation of Gastric Organoids as a Model for Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer
Cancer is an exceptionally complex disease which requires an appropriately sophisticated model to facilitate its research. Organoids are 3D structures generated from stem cells, which recapitulate a target organ. These ... -
Biochemistry and Biophysics of the ASK1-Prdx1 Axis
Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1) is an abundant cytoplasmic human thiol peroxidase. It functions to detoxify reactive oxygen species, in particular, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The canonical mechanism of Prdx1 activity involves the ... -
Exosome mRNA localisation: Directing mRNA localisation to exosomes
Exosomes are small vesicles containing proteins, miRNAs and mRNAs. Exosomes are secreted and taken up by neighbouring cells and the contents move into the recipient cell, where they are biologically active (e.g. the mRNA ... -
The Twilight Zone of Nucleotide Homology
Homology search tools are important for inferring homology in the abundance of genomes currently sequenced. These tools utilise sequence similarity in order to assign a score between two sequences from which homology is ... -
The PvdF enzyme of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterium which requires iron for growth and survival. Under iron limiting conditions, P.aeruginosa secrete iron scavenging compounds called pyoverdines. Pyoverdines consist of a ... -
Investigating How Mutations in Cytochrome c Affect the Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway
Cytochrome c is a highly conserved, haem containing protein that usually resides in the mitochondria inter-membrane space. In mitochondria, cytochrome c has a well-known role in the electron transport chain transferring ... -
Characterisation of a new role for the UBA domain in ubiquitin chain synthesis by Ube2K
Ubiquitylation is a post-translational modification in which the protein Ubiquitin (Ub) is attached to other proteins, dictating their fate. Ubiquitylation requires the action of three groups of enzymes, Ub activating (E1) ... -
The regulation of ascorbate accumulation in plants
Ascorbate (Vitamin C) is vital to human health. We are unable to synthesise ascorbate and attain the majority of ascorbate from plants. Ascorbate accumulation is a complex, regulated and environmentally responsive trait ... -
Investigation of ubiquitin transfer by RING E3 ligases RNF121 and RNF114
Ubiquitylation is a post-translational modification that modulates protein turnover, function and localisation. The attachment of ubiquitin is achieved by a sophisticated enzyme cascade. Specificity is provided by E3 ... -
The effect of removing PsbJ in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 mutants that lack the extrinsic proteins of Photosystem II
Photosystem II (PS II) is the light-driven water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase of photosynthesis. PS II consists of 20 protein subunits including four core complexes forming the reaction centre, 13 additional low-molecular-weight ... -
Comprehensive molecular analysis of different classes of molecules in a Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome pilot study group, and investigation of RNA-activated Protein Kinase R (PKR) as a diagnostic biomarker
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a prevalent but poorly understood illness characterised by severe debilitating fatigue, affecting approximately 1 % of the global population and disproportionately ... -
A Synthetic Lethal Approach to the Development of Novel Cancer Therapies
The cell-cell adhesion protein E-cadherin (CDH1) is a tumour suppressor that is required to maintain cell adhesion, cell polarity and cell survival signalling. Somatic mutations in CDH1 are common in diffuse gastric cancer ... -
Genetic Predisposition to Gastric Cancer: CDH1 and Beyond
Gastric cancer is a complex disease influenced by strong genetic and environmental factors. Hereditary gastric cancer syndromes are thought to account for between 1-3% of all cases. The most common hereditary gastric cancer ...